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本帖最后由 orange_ 于 2017-12-1 16:50 编辑
程序和数据分离的意义我就不多说了，大家自己脑补或者百度。在使用unity开发时，数据的调试是非常频繁和重要的。我们可以制作一个简单的编辑器插件，将数据显示在Inspector面板上，并进行编辑操作。这样测试人员就可以非常方便的管理测试数据了。
需求很简单，具体的效果是，能读取资源内的类，将其属性显示在面板上，可以对此进行增删改查的操作。如下图所示(对象组，相当于数据库所有的表。对象，相当于表的所有记录)。
当需要创建一条新记录的时候，先填上主键，然后点击创建按钮。编辑完成后点击插入即可。
xml数据库文件如下图
要实现这个功能，需要的知识是，C#的反射类，unity的编辑器类，数据库。通过反射，自动解析对象，获取对象的成员变量名和值。Unity 编辑器类没什么好说的，就是一些组件方法的使用。考虑到跨平台等问题，我选择xml作为存储数据库。编辑器内运行，存储量不大，所以性能方面的问题也就不说了。
好，接下来说一说设计的事。首先是对象的反射。基本类型的存储没有问题，难点是数组的存取有点变态。我找了很多资料也不能自动创建某一类型的数组。既然不能自动，然后就使用半自动判断了，无非是if else之类的，看看这个属性是不是某一类型的数组。
using System;
using System.Reflection;
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
public class ClassAnalyze
{
private string[] cols;
public string[] Cols
{
get { return cols; }
set { cols = value; }
}
private string[] values;
public string[] Values
{
get { return values; }
set { values = value; }
}
public string ClazzName
{
get { return tempClazz.GetType().Name; }
}
private PropertyInfo[] property;
private T tempClazz;
public static System.Object CreateObject(string objName) {
return Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CreateInstance(objName);
}
public T GetClazz(string[] values)
{//将数值赋给对象，然后再获取
SetClazz(values);
this.Values = values;
if (tempClazz == null)
{
return default(T);
}
return tempClazz;
}
public void SetClazz(string[] values)
{//将数值赋给对象，然后再获取
if (tempClazz != null && this.Values.Length == values.Length)
{
this.Values = values;
for (int i = 0; i < property.Length; i++)
{
if (tempClazz.GetType().GetProperty(Cols).PropertyType.IsArray)
{
var tempArr = StringToArr(tempClazz.GetType().GetProperty(Cols
).GetValue(tempClazz, null), values.Split(new char[] { '|' }));
property.SetValue(tempClazz, tempArr, null);
}
else
{
property.SetValue(tempClazz, Convert.ChangeType(values, property.PropertyType), null);
}
}
}
}
private System.Object StringToArr(System.Object arr, string[] values)
{
if (arr is string[])
{
arr = new string[values.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
(arr as string[]) = values;
}
return (string[])arr;
}
else if (arr is int[])
{
arr = new int[values.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
(arr as int[]) = int.Parse(values);
}
return (int[])arr;
}
else if (arr is Single[])
{
arr = new Single[values.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
(arr as Single[]) = Single.Parse(values);
}
return (Single[])arr;
}
else if (arr is float[])
{
arr = new float[values.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
(arr as float[]) = float.Parse(values);
}
return (float[])arr;
}
else if (arr is double[])
{
arr = new double[values.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
(arr as double[]) = double.Parse(values);
}
return (double[])arr;
}
else if (arr is long[])
{
arr = new long[values.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
(arr as long[]) = long.Parse(values);
}
return (long[])arr;
}
else if (arr is System.Object[])
{
arr = new System.Object[values.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
(arr as System.Object[]) = values;
}
return (System.Object[])arr;
}
return arr;
}
private string ArrToString(System.Object arr)
{
string values = "";
if (arr is System.Object[])
{
foreach (var value in arr as System.Object[])
{
values += value + "|";
}
}
else if (arr is string[])
{
foreach (var value in arr as string[])
{
values += value + "|";
}
}
else if (arr is int[])
{
foreach (var value in arr as int[])
{
values += value + "|";
}
}
else if (arr is Single[])
{
foreach (var value in arr as Single[])
{
values += value + "|";
}
}
else if (arr is float[])
{
foreach (var value in arr as float[])
{
values += value + "|";
}
}
else if (arr is double[])
{
foreach (var value in arr as double[])
{
values += value + "|";
}
}
else if (arr is long[])
{
foreach (var value in arr as long[])
{
values += value + "|";
}
}
values = values.TrimEnd(new char[] { '|' });
return values;
}
public void AnalyzeClazz()
{
if (tempClazz != null)
{
property = tempClazz.GetType().GetProperties();
Cols = new string[property.Length];
Values = new string[property.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < property.Length; i++)
{
Cols = property.Name;
string value = "";
if (tempClazz.GetType().GetProperty(Cols).PropertyType.IsArray)
{
value = ArrToString(tempClazz.GetType().GetProperty(Cols).GetValue(tempClazz, null));
}
else
{
value = Convert.ToString(tempClazz.GetType().GetProperty(Cols).GetValue(tempClazz, null));
}
Values = value;
}
}
}
private ClassAnalyze()
{
}
public ClassAnalyze(T tempClazz)
{
this.tempClazz = tempClazz;
AnalyzeClazz();
}
public void Close()
{
tempClazz = default(T);
Cols = null;
Values = null;
property = null;
}
public System.Object GetValue(T t, string colName)
{
return tempClazz.GetType().GetProperty(colName).GetValue(tempClazz, null);
}
public void SetValue(T t, string colName,string value)
{
for (int i = 0; i < property.Length; i++) {
if (property.Name == colName) {
if (property.PropertyType.IsArray)
{
var tempArr = StringToArr(property.GetValue(tempClazz, null), value.Split(new char[] { '|' }));
property.SetValue(tempClazz, tempArr, null);
}
else {
property.SetValue(tempClazz, Convert.ChangeType(value, property.PropertyType), null);
}
break;
}
}
}
public override string ToString()
{
string values = "";
for (int i = 0; i < Cols.Length; i++)
{
values += Cols + ":{" + this.Values + "} ";
}
return base.ToString() + ": " + values;
}
}
反射搞定后就是设计xml数据库了，具体的功能看个人需求。关于操作xml还是很简单的。
using System.Xml;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System;
using UnityEngine;
public abstract class DB
{
/*public abstract bool CheckTable(string tableName);
public abstract bool CheckDB(string dBName);
public abstract void CreateTable(string tableName);
public abstract void CreateDB(string dBName);*/
public abstract bool Insert(string tableName, string[] cols, string[] values, string key);
public abstract bool Update(string tableName, string[] cols, string[] values, string key);
public abstract bool UpdateAll(string tableName);
public abstract bool Delete(string tableName, string key);
public abstract bool DeleteAll(string tableName);
public abstract string[] Select(string tableName, string key);
public abstract List SelectAll(string tableName);
public abstract void Connect(string path);
public abstract void Close();
public abstract string[] SelectAllObjectsName(string tableName);
}
public class XmlSql : DB
{
//public static string values[0] = "values[0]";
private XmlDocument xmlDoc;
private string path;
private string rootName;
public XmlSql()
{
xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
}
public XmlSql(string path)
{
xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
Connect(path);
}
public override void Connect(string path)
{
if (xmlDoc == null) xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
if (!CheckDB(path))
{
this.path = path;
rootName = path.Substring(path.LastIndexOf("/")+1,path.LastIndexOf(".")- path.LastIndexOf("/")-1);
CreateDB(rootName);
}
else {
this.path = path;
xmlDoc.Load(this.path);
rootName = xmlDoc.LastChild.LocalName;
}
}
public override void Close()
{
if (xmlDoc != null)
xmlDoc.Save(path);
GC.Collect();
}
public XmlNode CheckTable(string tableName)
{
XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootName);
if (root.SelectSingleNode(tableName) != null) {
return root.SelectSingleNode(tableName);
}
return CreateTable(root,tableName);
}
public bool CheckDB(string dBName)
{
return File.Exists(dBName);
}
public XmlNode CreateTable(XmlNode root,string tableName)
{
XmlNode table = xmlDoc.CreateElement(tableName);
root.AppendChild(table);
xmlDoc.Save(path);
return table;
}
public XmlNode CreateDB(string dBName)
{
File.CreateText(path).Close();
XmlDeclaration xmlDeclaration = xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null);
XmlNode root = xmlDoc.CreateElement(dBName);
xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlDeclaration);
xmlDoc.AppendChild(root);
xmlDoc.Save(path);
return root;
}
public override bool Insert(string tableName, string[] cols, string[] values,string key)
{
if (key == null || key == "") key = values[0];
key = key.Replace(" ","");
XmlNode table = CheckTable(tableName);
XmlNode obj = table.SelectSingleNode(key);//按照key值确定元素对象
if (obj != null) {//待插入数据已经存在，插入失败
return false;
}
XmlElement element = xmlDoc.CreateElement(key);
for(int i=0;i
XmlElement e = xmlDoc.CreateElement(cols);
e.InnerText = values.Replace(" ", "");
element.AppendChild(e);
}
table.AppendChild(element);
xmlDoc.Save(path);
return true;
}
public override bool Update(string tableName, string[] cols, string[] values,string key)
{
if (key == null || key == "") key = values[0];
key = key.Replace(" ", "");
XmlNode table = CheckTable(tableName);
XmlNode obj = table.SelectSingleNode(key);//按照key值确定元素对象
if (obj == null)
{//待更新数据不存在，更新失败
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < cols.Length; i++)
{
obj.SelectSingleNode(cols).InnerText = values.Replace(" ", "");
}
xmlDoc.Save(path);
return true;
}
public override bool UpdateAll(string tableName)
{
return false;
}
public override string[] Select(string tableName, string key)
{
XmlNode table = CheckTable(tableName);
if (key == null || key == "") {
if (table.ChildNodes.Count < 1) {
return null;
}
key = table.ChildNodes[0].LocalName;
}
key = key.Replace(" ", "");
XmlNode obj = table.SelectSingleNode(key);//按照key值确定元素对象
if (obj == null) {
return null;
}
string[] values = new string[obj.ChildNodes.Count];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++) {
values = obj.ChildNodes.Item(i).InnerText.Replace(" ", "");
}
return values;
}
public override string[] SelectAllObjectsName(string tableName)
{
XmlNode table = CheckTable(tableName);
string[] values = new string[table.ChildNodes.Count];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++) {
values = table.ChildNodes.LocalName;
}
return values;
}
public override List SelectAll(string tableName)
{
XmlNode table = CheckTable(tableName);
if (table.ChildNodes.Count == 0) {
return null;
}
List elements = new List();
for(int i=0;i
string[] values = new string[table.ChildNodes.ChildNodes.Count];
for (int j = 0; j < table.ChildNodes.ChildNodes.Count; j++) {
values[j] = table.ChildNodes.ChildNodes.Item(j).InnerText.Trim();
}
elements.Add(values);
}
return elements;
}
public override bool Delete(string tableName, string key)
{
XmlNode table = CheckTable(tableName);
if (key == null || key == "") key = table.ChildNodes[0].LocalName;
key = key.Replace(" ", "");
XmlNode obj = table.SelectSingleNode(key);//按照key值确定元素对象
if (obj == null)
return false;
obj.RemoveAll();
table.RemoveChild(obj);
xmlDoc.Save(path);
return true;
}
public override bool DeleteAll(string tableName)
{
XmlNode table = CheckTable(tableName);
table.RemoveAll();
xmlDoc.Save(path);
return true;
}
}
接下来就是编辑器的设计。没什么高大上的东西，就是一些读写和调用的方法，以及一些逻辑上的处理。
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
using System;
public class MyInspector : MonoBehaviour {
//这个类是一个编辑器类，作用是展示存储的xml数据
//选择对象，然后进行编辑
//如果数据库中有这个数值，将其读取并显示
//如果没有，则按需求创建数据
//public string path;
public string defaultKey = "PriKey";
public ObjectMessage objMessage;
public string DataPath = "gameData.xml";
public MySql mySql;
public bool IsHave = false;
public bool IsShow = false;
//private System.Object tempObj;
public void GetDataBase(string dataPath) {
DB db = MyDataBase.GetDataBase().Connection(dataPath);
mySql = new MySql(db);
}
public void SaveMessage(string objName)
{
if (mySql != null)
{
System.Object obj = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CreateInstance(objName);
ClassAnalyze tempAnalyze = new ClassAnalyze(obj);
obj=tempAnalyze.GetClazz(objMessage.values);
if (IsHave)
{
mySql.Update(obj, defaultKey);
}
else {
mySql.Insert(obj, defaultKey);
ReadObj(objMessage.NamesOfModel[objMessage.indexOfModel]);
}
}
}
public void RemoveMessage(string objName, string key)
{
if (mySql != null)
{
System.Object obj = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CreateInstance(objName);
ClassAnalyze tempAnalyze = new ClassAnalyze(obj);
tempAnalyze.SetValue(obj, defaultKey, key);
if (IsHave)
{
mySql.Delete(obj, defaultKey);
IsHave = false;
ClearObjMessage();
}
}
}
public void ClearObjMessage()
{
for (int i = 0; i < objMessage.values.Length; i++) {
objMessage.values = "";
}
}
public void ReadModel() {
TextAsset[] tas = Resources.LoadAll(objMessage.objectPath);
objMessage. NamesOfModel = new string[tas.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < tas.Length; i++) {
objMessage.NamesOfModel = tas.name;
}
}
public void ReadObj(string tableName)
{
if(mySql!=null)
objMessage.NamesOfObj = mySql.SelectAllObjectsName(tableName);
}
public void CheckData(string objName, string key)
{
System.Object obj = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CreateInstance(objName);
ClassAnalyze tempAnalyze = new ClassAnalyze(obj);
tempAnalyze.SetValue(obj, defaultKey, key);
objMessage.cols = tempAnalyze.Cols;
obj = mySql.Select(obj, defaultKey);
IsHave = (obj != null);
if (IsHave)
{
tempAnalyze = new ClassAnalyze(obj);
objMessage.values = tempAnalyze.Values;
}
else {
objMessage.values = new string[objMessage.cols.Length];
}
}
}
[Serializable]
public class ObjectMessage
{
public string objectPath = "Model";//对象所处的路径(基于Resources的相对路径)
public string[] NamesOfModel;
public string[] NamesOfObj;
public int indexOfModel = 0;
public int indexOfObj = 0;
public string PriKey = "PriKey";
public string[] cols;
public string[] values;
}
下面这个脚本要放在Editor目录下面
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using UnityEditor;
[CustomEditor(typeof(MyInspector))]
public class EditorInspector : Editor {
//重写展示面板
//用户选择要加载的对象
//提供一个主键，用户填写主键的值
//默认主键是游戏对象名称
//判断此对象是否已经保存在数据库中
//如果已经存在此主键，则，加载数据到面板
//如果没有此主键，提示用户是否创建
//
private SerializedObject TargetObj;
private MyInspector MyPlane;
private string[] shows= new string[]{"创建","加载"};
private void InitPlane() {
TargetObj = new SerializedObject(target);//获取编辑对象目标
MyPlane = target as MyInspector;//转化为编辑对象
CheckData();//检测数据
}
private void CheckData() {
if (MyPlane.objMessage == null)//检查信息对象是否为空
{
MyPlane.objMessage = new ObjectMessage();//对象信息
}
if (MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfModel == null || MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfModel.Length < 1)
{//检查对象数组
MyPlane.ReadModel();//读取对象
}
if (MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfObj == null || MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfObj.Length < 1)
{//检查对象数组
MyPlane.ReadObj(MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfModel[MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel]);//读取对象
}
if (MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey == null || MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey == "")
{//检查对象主键名称
//设置主键信息
MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey = MyPlane.gameObject.name.Replace(" ", "");
}
if (MyPlane.mySql == null)
{//检查数据库的连接状态
//获取数据库连接
MyPlane.GetDataBase(MyPlane.DataPath);
}
}
void OnEnable() {
InitPlane();
}
public override void OnInspectorGUI()
{
TargetObj.Update();//更新目标数据
//主键值
//CheckData();
int lastModel = MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel;
//对象选择列表
MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel = EditorGUILayout.Popup("对象组", MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel, MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfModel);
if (lastModel != MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel) { //当改变对象时，更新主键值
//更新主键值集合
MyPlane.ReadObj(MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfModel[MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel]);
}
int lastobj = MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfObj;
if (MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfObj.Length > 0)
{
MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfObj = EditorGUILayout.Popup("对象", MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfObj, MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfObj);
}
if (lastobj != MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfObj || lastModel != MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel)
{ //主键值集合下标改变时
//更新主键值
if (MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfObj.Length>0)
MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey = MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfObj[MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfObj];
}
string lastKey = MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey;
//显示主键文本框
MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey = EditorGUILayout.TextField("主键", MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey);
//路径
string lastPath = MyPlane.DataPath;
MyPlane.DataPath = EditorGUILayout.TextField("数据路径",MyPlane.DataPath);
//判断选择的对象列表
//更新对象信息
if (MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel != lastModel || lastKey != MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey || lastPath != MyPlane.DataPath || lastobj != MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfObj)//改变了一些数据时重新读取数据
{
MyPlane.IsHave = false;//标注数据改动
CheckData();//读取数据前保证系统参数无误，以及各个对象正确加载
MyPlane.CheckData(MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfModel[MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel], MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey);
}
//当存在时直接加载
//当不存在时，点击创建时加载
bool _show = MyPlane.IsShow;//记录上一次的状态
if (MyPlane.IsHave || (MyPlane.IsShow = EditorGUILayout.Foldout(MyPlane.IsShow, shows[MyPlane.IsShow ? 1 : 0])))
{
if (!_show && !MyPlane.IsHave)//数据不存在而且点击了创建的时候
{ //仅执行一次，保证数据不被一直刷新而导致的无法读写
//当数据不存在，而且点击创建时 清除信息
MyPlane.ClearObjMessage();//清除数据的缓存
}
}
//也要只进行一次的读写，保证可以进行修改操作
if (MyPlane.IsHave || MyPlane.IsShow)//当数据存在或者点击创建时加载数据
{
for (int i = 0; i < MyPlane.objMessage.cols.Length; i++)
{
if (MyPlane.defaultKey == MyPlane.objMessage.cols) {
MyPlane.objMessage.values = MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey;
continue;
}
MyPlane.objMessage.values = EditorGUILayout.TextField(MyPlane.objMessage.cols, MyPlane.objMessage.values);
}
if (GUILayout.Button("Save"))
{
MyPlane.SaveMessage(MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfModel[MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel]);
}
if (MyPlane.IsHave&& GUILayout.Button("Remove"))
{
MyPlane.RemoveMessage(MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfModel[MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel], MyPlane.objMessage.PriKey);
MyPlane.ReadObj(MyPlane.objMessage.NamesOfModel[MyPlane.objMessage.indexOfModel]);
}
}
TargetObj.ApplyModifiedProperties();
}
void show(System.Object message) {
Debug.Log(message);
}
}
好了，本篇unity3d教程到此结束，下篇我们再会!
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