Image source
图片来源
Falloff maps are a type of map that can be found in most 3D & game engines. These maps can change the color of an object when parts of it start to face away from the camera.
Falloff地图是一种可以在大多数3D和游戏引擎中找到的地图。当物体的某些部分开始远离相机时，这些贴图可以改变物体的颜色。
The render engine will calculate the angles of parts of your geometry in relation to the camera position, and will add the second falloff color to parts that exceed a certain angle.
渲染引擎将计算几何体各部分相对于摄像机位置的角度，并将第二个衰减颜色添加到超过特定角度的零件。
The sharper the angle away from the camera, the stronger your falloff color will come through.
远离相机的角度越清晰，您的衰减颜色就越强。
This can be used to add an ambient occlusion type, self-shadowing effect to sections of your model, without having to make an actual AO map.
这可用于向模型的各个部分添加环境光遮蔽类型、自阴影效果，而无需制作实际的 AO 贴图。
Alternatively, if you use a lighter shade on your falloff maps it can give more of a backlit type of look.
或者，如果您在衰减贴图上使用较浅的阴影，则可以提供更多的背光类型的外观。


Examples of how different type of falloff can affect a model.
不同类型的衰减如何影响模型的示例。
This is an effect that is usually used very subtly to help accent some of the smaller details in your model.
这种效果通常非常微妙地用于帮助强调模型中的一些较小细节。
If used correctly in certain programs, it can even work to shade the rises and falls in a normal or bump map!
如果在某些程序中正确使用，它甚至可以在正常或凹凸图中遮蔽上升和下降！
It can also be used as an opacity map which can make objects look translucent, as only the edges catch the light in a scene.
它还可以用作不透明度贴图，可以使对象看起来半透明，因为只有边缘才能捕捉到场景中的光线。
Or can use falloff maps to make more interesting gradient patterns if you want a more surrealist look to your models. The options seem practically endless.
或者，如果您希望模型具有更超现实主义的外观，则可以使用衰减贴图来制作更有趣的渐变图案。这些选择似乎几乎是无穷无尽的。
The interface in your fallout map should contain some kind of curve editor that should be a straight line by default. Editing this curve will change the strength of the falloff and how it affects your model.
流失图中的界面应包含某种曲线编辑器，默认情况下应为直线。编辑此曲线将更改衰减的强度及其对模型的影响。
If you bend the curve upwards to a sharper angle, your falloff color will be more prominent on edges than if you change the bend down to a flatter angle, which will have the opposite effect.
如果将曲线向上弯曲到更锐利的角度，则与将弯曲向下更改为更平坦的角度相比，边缘上的衰减颜色将更加突出，这将产生相反的效果。
Falloff maps are a simple tool. But is can be hard learning how to adjust them to get perfect results that are subtle enough to not stand out, yet also not so weak that they aren’t noticeable.
衰减地图是一个简单的工具。但是，学习如何调整它们以获得完美的结果可能很困难，这些结果足够微妙，不会脱颖而出，但也不会太弱，以至于它们不明显。
If you want to practice working with falloff maps, I suggest spending some time just playing with the settings in your 3D software of choice until you understand how they interact in the render.
如果您想练习使用衰减贴图，我建议您花一些时间在所选的3D软件中玩一下设置，直到您了解它们在渲染中的交互方式。
Once you understand how to use them, falloff maps can really bring your work to the next level.
一旦你理解了如何使用它们，衰减图就可以真正把你的工作提升到一个新的水平。

Image source
图片来源
Falloff maps are a type of map that can be found in most 3D & game engines. These maps can change the color of an object when parts of it start to face away from the camera.
Falloff地图是一种可以在大多数3D和游戏引擎中找到的地图。当物体的某些部分开始远离相机时，这些贴图可以改变物体的颜色。
The render engine will calculate the angles of parts of your geometry in relation to the camera position, and will add the second falloff color to parts that exceed a certain angle.
渲染引擎将计算几何体各部分相对于摄像机位置的角度，并将第二个衰减颜色添加到超过特定角度的零件。
The sharper the angle away from the camera, the stronger your falloff color will come through.
远离相机的角度越清晰，您的衰减颜色就越强。
This can be used to add an ambient occlusion type, self-shadowing effect to sections of your model, without having to make an actual AO map.
这可用于向模型的各个部分添加环境光遮蔽类型、自阴影效果，而无需制作实际的 AO 贴图。
Alternatively, if you use a lighter shade on your falloff maps it can give more of a backlit type of look.
或者，如果您在衰减贴图上使用较浅的阴影，则可以提供更多的背光类型的外观。


Examples of how different type of falloff can affect a model.
不同类型的衰减如何影响模型的示例。
This is an effect that is usually used very subtly to help accent some of the smaller details in your model.
这种效果通常非常微妙地用于帮助强调模型中的一些较小细节。
If used correctly in certain programs, it can even work to shade the rises and falls in a normal or bump map!
如果在某些程序中正确使用，它甚至可以在正常或凹凸图中遮蔽上升和下降！
It can also be used as an opacity map which can make objects look translucent, as only the edges catch the light in a scene.
它还可以用作不透明度贴图，可以使对象看起来半透明，因为只有边缘才能捕捉到场景中的光线。
Or can use falloff maps to make more interesting gradient patterns if you want a more surrealist look to your models. The options seem practically endless.
或者，如果您希望模型具有更超现实主义的外观，则可以使用衰减贴图来制作更有趣的渐变图案。这些选择似乎几乎是无穷无尽的。
The interface in your fallout map should contain some kind of curve editor that should be a straight line by default. Editing this curve will change the strength of the falloff and how it affects your model.
流失图中的界面应包含某种曲线编辑器，默认情况下应为直线。编辑此曲线将更改衰减的强度及其对模型的影响。
If you bend the curve upwards to a sharper angle, your falloff color will be more prominent on edges than if you change the bend down to a flatter angle, which will have the opposite effect.
如果将曲线向上弯曲到更锐利的角度，则与将弯曲向下更改为更平坦的角度相比，边缘上的衰减颜色将更加突出，这将产生相反的效果。
Falloff maps are a simple tool. But is can be hard learning how to adjust them to get perfect results that are subtle enough to not stand out, yet also not so weak that they aren’t noticeable.
衰减地图是一个简单的工具。但是，学习如何调整它们以获得完美的结果可能很困难，这些结果足够微妙，不会脱颖而出，但也不会太弱，以至于它们不明显。
If you want to practice working with falloff maps, I suggest spending some time just playing with the settings in your 3D software of choice until you understand how they interact in the render.
如果您想练习使用衰减贴图，我建议您花一些时间在所选的3D软件中玩一下设置，直到您了解它们在渲染中的交互方式。
Once you understand how to use them, falloff maps can really bring your work to the next level.
一旦你理解了如何使用它们，衰减图就可以真正把你的工作提升到一个新的水平。